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Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relicsin the Three Gorges Area

Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 330-335 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014055

摘要： The subject is implementing and innovating environmental protection measures, and promoting green protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges area. This thesis states its significance and effect in the beginning, and then summarizes seven pieces of main practice, includes five pieces of main effect. In the end, this thesis produces some relevant conclusions and suggestions about the subject.

关键词： environmental science the Three Gorges cultural relics innovate environmental protection measures green protection

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The Environmental Impact of the Three Gorges Project and the Countermeasures

You-mei Lu,Cun-liang Shang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 120-128 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014019

摘要： The Three Gorges Project (TGP) is a landmark Chinese hydroelectric project with the goal of harnessing the Yangtze River and developing its water resources. Because of its enormous size and far-reaching influence, the project’s impact on the Yangtze River’s original ecological environment has been a concern to many people. This article examines the environmental effects of TGP with regard to reservoir-induced seismicity and bank stability, climate changes, sedimentation and bank erosion, the protection of aquatic species and water quality, and resettlement. Based on the operation monitoring data of TGP in 10 years (2003—2012), this article analyzes the tendency of reservoir-induced seismicity and bank stability, developing trend of sedimentation and bank erosion, the interplay between climate change and TGP, the distribution and cause of water contamination, the situation of aquatic species’ protection and living situation of resettled residents. At the same time, this article lists the comprehensive benefits of TGP in flood control, power generation, shipping, water supply, energy conservation and emission reduction. In the end, the authors deem that there is a dynamic and harmonious relationship between humankind and nature. The cognition about TGP will be progressed in practice, and harmonious relationship between the environment and TGP will be achieved through more practice.

关键词： the Three Gorges Project ecosystem aquatic species water quality flood control disaster alleviation energy saving emission reduction

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Seasonal variation of nitrogen and phosphorus in Xiaojiang River—A tributary of the Three Gorges Reservoir

Zhe LI , Jinsong GUO , Man LONG , Fang FANG , Jinping SHENG , Hong ZHOU ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 334-340 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0039-y

摘要： A yearlong monitoring program in the backwater area of Xiaojiang River (XBA) was launched in order to investigate the eutrophication of backwater areas in tributaries of the Yangtze River in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China, starting after the impoundment water level of the TGR reached 156 m. From March 2007 to March 2008, the average concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were (1553 ± 484) μg·L and (62 ± 31) μg·L, respectively. The mean value of chlorophyll was (9.07 ± 0.91) μg·L. The trophic level of XBA was meso-eutrophic, while the general nutrient limitation was phosphorus. The results indicated that XBA has a strong ability to purify itself and has non-point source pollution from terrestrial runoff. The variation of TN/TP ratio was caused by a variation in TN rather than in TP when TN/TP<22. N-fixation from cyanobacteria occurred and became an important process in overcoming the nitrogen deficit under a low TN/TP ratio. When TN/TP ≥ 22, the variation of TP affected the TN/TP ratio more significantly than TN. The increase of TP in XBA was caused mainly by particulate phosphorus, which could originate from a non-point source as adsorptive inorganic forms after heavy rainfall and surface runoff. An increase in the river’s flow could also contribute to an unstable environment for the growth of phytoplankton.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir eutrophication nitrogen phosphorus seasonal variation chlorophyll

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三峡枢纽水库运行调度

张曙光,周曼

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第7期页码 61-65

摘要：

三峡枢纽自2003年初步蓄水以来，工程建设进度、库区移民安置、地质灾害治理等较初步设计有所提前，泥沙淤积情况明显好于预期，三峡枢纽提前实现了分期蓄水目标。同时，随着运行条件的变化，三峡水库在汛限水位浮动、中小洪水调度、提前蓄水等方面进行了优化调度尝试，取得了较好的防洪、抗旱、航运、供水、生态等综合效益。尤其是2010年，汛期三峡水库实施了中小洪水调度，拦蓄洪量达到266亿m³，洪水资源利用充分；汛末采取了蓄水与汛期防洪运用相结合的方式，进一步利用汛末洪水资源，首次实现了175 m蓄水目标，枢纽开始全面发挥正常运行期的综合效益。

关键词：运行调度三峡枢纽

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Long-Term Performance and Microstructural Characterization of Dam Concrete in the Three Gorges Project

Chen Lyu,Cheng Yu,Chao Lu,Li Pan,Wenwei Li,Jiaping Liu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.017

摘要： This study investigates the long-term performance of laboratory dam concrete in different curing environments over ten years and the microstructure of 17-year-old laboratory concrete and actual concrete cores drilled from the Three Gorges Dam. The mechanical properties of the laboratory dam concrete, whether cured in natural or standard environments, continued to improve over time. Furthermore, the laboratory dam concrete exhibited good resistance to diffusion and a refined microstructure after 17 years. However, curing and long-term exposure to the local natural environment reduced the frost resistance. Microstructural analyses of the laboratory concrete samples demonstrated that moderate-heat cement and fine fly ash (FA) particles were almost fully hydrated to form compact microstructures consisting of large quantities of homogeneous C-(A)-S-H gels and a few crystals. No obvious interfacial transition zones were observed in the microstructure owing to the long-term pozzolanic reaction. This dense and homogenous microstructure was the crucial reason for the excellent long-term performance of the dam concrete. A high FA volume also played a significant role in the microstructural densification and performance growth of dam concrete at a later age. The concrete drilled from the dam surface exhibited a loose microstructure with higher microporosity, indicating that concrete directly exposed to the actual service environment suffered degradation caused by water and wind attacks. In this study, both macro performance and microstructural analyses revealed that the application of moderate-heat cement and FA resulted in a dense and homogenous microstructure, which ensured the excellent long-term performance of concrete from the Three Gorges Dam after 17 years. Long-term exposure to an actual service environment may lead to microstructural degradation of the concrete surface. Therefore, the retained long-term dam concrete samples need to be further researched to better understand its microstructural evolution and development of its properties.

关键词： Three Gorges Dam Long-term performance Microstructural analysis Moderate-heat cement Fly ash

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工程建设管理的实践——以三峡工程为例

陆佑楣

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第12期页码 17-23

摘要：

论述了工程项目管理的三阶段划分的普遍意义。工程项目管理既有普遍的规律，也有各自的个性，因此无须强调工程管理的固定模式。应该坚持从实际出发，科学地进行管理，创造各自的管理特色。以三峡工程为例论述了工程建设和管理的实践。

关键词：长江三峡工程工程项目管理三峡总公司

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Probabilistic model for vessel-bridge collisions in the Three Gorges Reservoir

Bo GENG , Hong WANG , Junjie WANG ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 279-285 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0044-z

摘要： Based on a field observation on vessel transit path of three bridges over the Yangtze River in the Three Gorges Reservoir, and an analysis of the geometric probabilistic model of transiting vessels in collision probability calculation, the aberrancy angle and vessel velocity probabilistic model related with impact force, a probabilistic model is established and also verified by goodness-of-fit test. The vessel transit path distribution can be expressed by the normal distribution model. For the Three Gorges Reservoir, the mean and standard deviation adopt 0.2 and 0.1, respectively ( is the channel width). The aberrancy angle distribution of vessels accepts maximum I distribution model, and its distribution parameters can be taken as 0.314 and 4.354. The velocity distribution of up-bound and down-bound vessels can also be expressed by the normal distribution model.

关键词： vessel-bridge collision probabilistic model parameter statistics

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三峡工程管理模式及混凝土技术研究

曹广晶

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第8期页码 82-85

摘要：

三峡水利枢纽是目前世界上规模最大的混凝土建筑物,混凝土总量近2 800×10⁴m³,除满足稳定性要求外，还需要满足泄洪、发电、航运等方面的特殊要求,具有结构复杂、施工强度高、技术标准高等特点。通过10年的工程实践，三峡工程建设管理初步形成了具有三峡工程特色的管理模式。为保证混凝土优质快速施工,研究和决策了若干新技术和新工艺，论述了三峡工程的管理模式和三峡工程混凝土工程技术。

关键词：三峡工程管理模式混凝土

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三峡工程论证决策过程及其实践检验

潘家铮

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第7期页码 4-8

摘要：

举世瞩目的三峡水利枢纽工程是世界上规模最大的水电站，也是中国有史以来建设的最大型水利水电工程。2010年10月26日，三峡水库蓄水首次达到设计水位175 m，这标志着其防洪、发电、航运等各项功能达到设计要求。三峡工程从构想、论证、设计、建设至竣工全面投入运行历时近百年。当初兴建三峡工程的构想是如何提出的？三峡工程究竟起什么作用？存在什么分歧意见？是如何进行论证的？论证的结论怎样？这是许多人关心而又不太了解的，笔者在文中做了扼要的介绍，以纪念世纪之梦的实现。

关键词：三峡工程论证决策过程

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三峡工程

中国国务院三峡工程建设委员会办公室

《工程（英文）》 2015年第1卷第1期页码 11-13 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015022

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三峡升船机工程建设综述

赵锡锦

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第9期页码 9-14

摘要：

三峡升船机由于规模巨大、技术复杂，并且同类升船机在世界上尚无建成投产的先例，一直深受国内外工程技术界关注。三峡升船机的设计、研究过程得到了国内众多科研、设计单位的大力支持，其工作成果为升船机设计的逐步完善提供了理论基础。经过方案比选，三峡升船机最终确定采用齿轮齿条爬升式，其设备构造复杂，制造、安装及土建结构施工精度要求很高，并首次采用中德联合设计方式。各阶段设计成果由三峡总公司组织三峡工程质量专家组进行最终的审查和验收。针对升船机技术难点和关键技术问题，安排了一系列专项试验研究，如“齿条、螺母柱制造技术研究”等，以检验升船机关键项目设计的合理性和可实施性。为减少塔柱变形对齿条和螺母柱安装精度的影响，对升船机施工程序进行了研究和调整，以确保升船机安全可靠运行。工程建设证明本文采取的各项管理、技术措施的科学性，确保了三峡升船机建设的顺利实施。

关键词：建设综述升船机三峡工程

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Theoretical and experimental study on seismic response control on top of Three-Gorges ship lift towers

Weilian QU, Jianwei TU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 32-41 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0003-8

摘要： A vertical ship lift under earthquake excitation may suffer from a whipping effect due to the sudden change of building lateral stiffness at the top of the ship lift towers. This paper proposes a roof magnetorheological (MR) intelligent isolation system to prevent the seismic whipping effect on machinery structures. Theoretically, the dynamic models of MR damper and the mechanical model of ship lift was established, the inverse neural network controlling algorithm was proposed and the fundamental semi-active control equation for the Three-Gorges ship lift where the MR intelligent isolation system was installed was deduced. Experimentally, the experimental model of the ship lift was given, the vibrating table experiment of the MR intelligent isolation system controlling the whipping effect was carried out and the results of the inverse neural network control strategy and passive isolation strategy were compared. In practical aspect, the large-scale MR damper (500 kN) and a sliding support with limited stiffness were designed and fabricated. It was proven that the MR intelligent isolation system with proper control strategy can greatly reduce the seismic whipping effect on the top workshop of the ship lift and be simple and effective enough to be applied to real engineering structures.

关键词： Three-Gorges ship lift tower whipping effect magnetorheological (MR) intelligent isolation system neural network sliding steel supporting